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Arabic Conjugation of the Wolof Verb "ñëw" — to come
Perfect (Completed)
The perfect paradigm expresses completed actions. The verb comes first, followed by the subject marker. This is the most neutral way to state that something happened.
| Person | Wolof |
|---|---|
| man (I) | ñëw naa |
| yow (you sg.) | ñëw nga |
| moom (he/she) | ñëw na |
| nun (we) | ñëw nañu |
| yeen (you pl.) | ñëw ngeen |
| ñoom (they) | ñëw nañu |
Presentative (Progressive)
The presentative paradigm describes a current state or action in progress. The subject marker with "ngi" comes before the verb, similar to "I am (doing)" in English.
| Person | Wolof |
|---|---|
| man (I) | maa ngi ñëw |
| yow (you sg.) | yaa ngi ñëw |
| moom (he/she) | mu ngi ñëw |
| nun (we) | nu ngi ñëw |
| yeen (you pl.) | yéena ngi ñëw |
| ñoom (they) | ñu ngi ñëw |
Emphatic (Verb Focus)
The emphatic paradigm highlights the action itself. The "da-" prefix fuses with the subject marker before the verb. Used for emphasis or in narrative contexts.
| Person | Wolof |
|---|---|
| man (I) | dama ñëw |
| yow (you sg.) | danga ñëw |
| moom (he/she) | dafa ñëw |
| nun (we) | dañu ñëw |
| yeen (you pl.) | dangeen ñëw |
| ñoom (they) | dañu ñëw |
Negative
The negative paradigm negates the action. The "du-" prefix fuses with the subject marker. Covers both "don't" (habitual) and "won't" (future).
| Person | Wolof |
|---|---|
| man (I) | duma ñëw |
| yow (you sg.) | doo ñëw |
| moom (he/she) | du ñëw |
| nun (we) | dunu ñëw |
| yeen (you pl.) | dungeen ñëw |
| ñoom (they) | duñu ñëw |
Future
The future paradigm expresses actions that will happen. The "dina-" prefix fuses with the subject marker before the verb.
| Person | Wolof |
|---|---|
| man (I) | dinaa ñëw |
| yow (you sg.) | dinga ñëw |
| moom (he/she) | dina ñëw |
| nun (we) | dinañu ñëw |
| yeen (you pl.) | dingeen ñëw |
| ñoom (they) | dinañu ñëw |
Imperative (Commands)
Singular uses the bare verb stem. Plural adds the suffix -leen.
| Form | Wolof |
|---|---|
| Singular (you) | Ñëw! |
| Plural (you all) | Ñëwleen! |
Example Sentences
Ñëw fii!
Come here!
Dafa ñëw tey.
He/she came today.
Ñu ngi ñëw.
They are coming.