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Arabic Conjugation of the Wolof Verb "jaay" — to sell
Perfect (Completed)
The perfect paradigm expresses completed actions. The verb comes first, followed by the subject marker. This is the most neutral way to state that something happened.
| Person | Wolof |
|---|---|
| man (I) | jaay naa |
| yow (you sg.) | jaay nga |
| moom (he/she) | jaay na |
| nun (we) | jaay nañu |
| yeen (you pl.) | jaay ngeen |
| ñoom (they) | jaay nañu |
Presentative (Progressive)
The presentative paradigm describes a current state or action in progress. The subject marker with "ngi" comes before the verb, similar to "I am (doing)" in English.
| Person | Wolof |
|---|---|
| man (I) | maa ngi jaay |
| yow (you sg.) | yaa ngi jaay |
| moom (he/she) | mu ngi jaay |
| nun (we) | nu ngi jaay |
| yeen (you pl.) | yéena ngi jaay |
| ñoom (they) | ñu ngi jaay |
Emphatic (Verb Focus)
The emphatic paradigm highlights the action itself. The "da-" prefix fuses with the subject marker before the verb. Used for emphasis or in narrative contexts.
| Person | Wolof |
|---|---|
| man (I) | dama jaay |
| yow (you sg.) | danga jaay |
| moom (he/she) | dafa jaay |
| nun (we) | dañu jaay |
| yeen (you pl.) | dangeen jaay |
| ñoom (they) | dañu jaay |
Negative
The negative paradigm negates the action. The "du-" prefix fuses with the subject marker. Covers both "don't" (habitual) and "won't" (future).
| Person | Wolof |
|---|---|
| man (I) | duma jaay |
| yow (you sg.) | doo jaay |
| moom (he/she) | du jaay |
| nun (we) | dunu jaay |
| yeen (you pl.) | dungeen jaay |
| ñoom (they) | duñu jaay |
Future
The future paradigm expresses actions that will happen. The "dina-" prefix fuses with the subject marker before the verb.
| Person | Wolof |
|---|---|
| man (I) | dinaa jaay |
| yow (you sg.) | dinga jaay |
| moom (he/she) | dina jaay |
| nun (we) | dinañu jaay |
| yeen (you pl.) | dingeen jaay |
| ñoom (they) | dinañu jaay |
Imperative (Commands)
Singular uses the bare verb stem. Plural adds the suffix -leen.
| Form | Wolof |
|---|---|
| Singular (you) | Jaay! |
| Plural (you all) | Jaayleen! |
Example Sentences
Dafa jaay meew.
She sells milk.
Jaay naa sama oto.
I sold my car.
Ñi ngi jaay ci marse bi.
They are selling at the market.